Purpose, Function
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating movement of the piston to a rotational movement via the connecting rod.
The main bearing forms an oil film on the outer surface of the crankshaft journal to prevent wear due to sliding.
Construction
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is installed to the inside (crankcase) of the cylinder block.

The crankshaft has a key groove to match timing to the crankshaft pulley.
The crankshaft has the following parts shown in the figure.

The optimized shaft diameter ratio of the crankshaft journal and crank pin has reduced sliding resistance while maintaining rigidity.
The steel crankshaft has five bearings and eight counterweights for improved accuracy in the rotational balance.
The crankshaft journal and crank pin have been induction hardened* to bear high loads.
The crankshaft has an oil passage for supplying engine oil to the crankshaft journal and crank pin.

Main bearing
The main bearing is installed to the outer surface of the crankshaft journal.
The upper main bearing and lower main bearing are made of aluminum alloy.
The upper main bearing has an oil groove and oil hole.
Thrust force is suppressed by the thrust bearings on both sides of the No.3 journal.

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
Motor MountsReturnless Fuel System
Purpose, Outline
Fuel evaporation in the fuel tank is reduced by adjusting the fuel amount
(fuel pressure) ejected from the fuel pump and preventing fuel warmed in the
engine compartment from returning.
System Diagram
2WD
AWD
Structure
The returnless fuel system ...
Full Auto Air Conditioner [Full Auto Air Conditioner]
Outline
The climate control unit performs the following controls based on the signals
from each switch/dial and the sensor.
Airflow temperature control
Airflow volume control
Airflow mode control
Air intake control
A/C compressor con ...
Cylinder Head Gasket Replacement
WARNING:
A hot engine can cause severe burns. Turn off the engine and wait until it
is cool before servicing.
Fuel vapor is hazardous. It can very easily ignite, causing serious injury
and damage. Always keep sparks and flames away from fuel.
Fuel line spills and leakag ...