1. Remove the steering gear and linkage..
2. Remove the tie-rod end and boot..
3. Measure the rotation torque of the pinion shaft using a crescent wrench and pull scale. (speed measurement reference 5 В°/s
)

a. Install the crescent wrench to the steering gear.
b. Measure the length from the pinion shaft center to the crescent wrench end (application point of pull scale) as shown in the figure. This is dimension A.

c. The rotation torque of the pinion shaft can be calculated using the following formula Measured value using pull scale (N {kgf, lbf}) = rotation torque of the pinion shaft (NВ·m {kgfВ·cm, inВ·lbf})/length A (m {cm, in})
1.0—1.6 N·m {11—16 kgf·cm, 8.9—14 in·lbf} [Pull scale reading: 1.0—1.6 N·m {11—16 kgf·cm, 8.9—14 in·lbf}/A (m {cm, in})]
If not within the specification, replace the steering gear..
Steering Gear And Linkage Disassembly
Steering Gear And Linkage Removal/InstallationIon Sensor
Purpose/Function
Detects ion generation in the combustion chamber for detecting pre-ignition.
Detects ions which occur due to fuel combustion as current by applying bias
voltage to the spark plug, which is amplified in the ignition coil internal
circuit and input to the PCM.
...
Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
Purpose/Function
Detects the throttle valve opening/closing condition, which operates in accordance
with the accelerator pedal operation, as basic information for mainly determining
the fuel injection amount.
Detects the throttle valve opening/closing condition, which operates i ...
Headliner Removal/Installation
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Remove the following parts:
a. Sunroof seaming welt (with sunroof system).
b. A-pillar trim.
c. Front map light.
d. Sunvisor.
e. Front scuff plate.
f. Rear scuff plate.
g. B-pillar lower trim.
h. Adjust anchor cover.
i. Upper anchor i ...