Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmLiftgate Hinge Removal/Installation
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Remove the following parts:
a. Rear scuff plate.
b. Trunk end trim.
c. Trunk side trim.
d. C-pillar trim.
e. D-pillar trim.
f. Liftgate.
3. Remove fasteners.
4. While partially peeling back the rear part of the headliner, remove nut ...
Hydraulic Variable Valve Timing Actuator Inspection
WARNING:
A hot engine can cause severe burns. Turn off the engine and wait until it
is cool before servicing.
CAUTION:
Do not disassemble the hydraulic variable valve timing actuator because it
is a precision unit.
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Rem ...
Fuel System
Purpose, Outline
A multiple hole type fuel injector has been adopted which provides higher
fuel injection accuracy for improved fuel efficiency and output.
Piston movement-compression by the 4-head cam inside the high pressure fuel
pump heightens the fuel pressure, achieving imp ...