Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmEngine Removal/Installation
WARNING:
A hot engine can cause severe burns. Turn off the engine and wait until it
is cool before servicing.
Fuel vapor is hazardous. It can very easily ignite, causing serious injury
and damage. Always keep sparks and flames away from fuel.
Fuel line spills and leakag ...
Seat Warmer Control Unit Inspection
WARNING:
Handling a front seat (with built-in side air bag) improperly can accidentally
operate (deploy) the air bag, which may seriously injure you. Read the service
warnings/cautions before handling a front seat (with built-in side air bag)..
CAUTION:
After removing a f ...
Headliner
Purpose/Function
The headliner is equipped with a shock absorbing pad for driver's head protection
during a collision.
Construction
The front and rear side of the headliner is equipped with a shock absorbing
pad with a plastic rib-pad structure.
...