Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmDifferential [C66 M R]
Purpose, Function
The differential absorbs the rotation speed of the inside and outside wheel
of a wheel set when the vehicle is cornering.
Construction
Operation
Driving in a straight line
Cornering
...
Refrigerant Pressure Sensor [Full Auto Air Conditioner]
Purpose
The refrigerant pressure sensor detects the refrigerant pressure in the refrigerant
cycle.
Function
The refrigerant pressure sensor converts the detected refrigerant pressure
to an electric signal and sends it to the PCM.
Construction
The refriger ...
Blind Spot Monitoring (Bsm) Off Switch Inspection
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Remove the BSM OFF switch..
3. Verify that the resistance between BSM OFF switches B and C is as indicated
in the table.
If the resistance cannot be verified as indicated in the table, replace the
cluster switch.
4. Apply batte ...