Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmCooling Fan Relay
Purpose, Function
The cooling fan relay operates by receiving the signal from the PCM to supply
power to the cooling fan motor.
Construction
The cooling fan relay is installed on the relay and fuse block.
Operation
The contact point is on when the battery vo ...
Oil Control Valve (OCV) Inspection
Coil Resistance Inspection
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Remove the plug hole plate..
3. Disconnect the OCV connector.
4. Measure the resistance between terminals A and B using an ohmmeter.
OCV coil resistance
6.9—7.5 ohms [20°C {68°F}]
If not as ...
PID/Data Monitor Inspection [Blind Spot Monitoring (Bsm)]
1. Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.
2. After the vehicle is identified, select the following items from the initialization
screen of the M-MDS.
a. Select “DataLogger”.
b. Select “Modules”.
c. Select “BSML” or “BSMR”.
3. Select the applicable PID from the PID table.
4. Ve ...