Purpose, Function
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating movement of the piston to a rotational movement via the connecting rod.
The main bearing forms an oil film on the outer surface of the crankshaft journal to prevent wear due to sliding.
Construction
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is installed to the inside (crankcase) of the cylinder block.

The crankshaft has a key groove to match timing to the crankshaft pulley.
The crankshaft has the following parts shown in the figure.

The optimized shaft diameter ratio of the crankshaft journal and crank pin has reduced sliding resistance while maintaining rigidity.
The steel crankshaft has five bearings and eight counterweights for improved accuracy in the rotational balance.
The crankshaft journal and crank pin have been induction hardened* to bear high loads.
The crankshaft has an oil passage for supplying engine oil to the crankshaft journal and crank pin.

Main bearing
The main bearing is installed to the outer surface of the crankshaft journal.
The upper main bearing and lower main bearing are made of aluminum alloy.
The upper main bearing has an oil groove and oil hole.
Thrust force is suppressed by the thrust bearings on both sides of the No.3 journal.

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
Motor MountsCooling Fan Relay
Purpose, Function
The cooling fan relay operates by receiving the signal from the PCM to supply
power to the cooling fan motor.
Construction
The cooling fan relay is installed on the relay and fuse block.
Operation
The contact point is on when the battery vo ...
Variable Valve Timing Mechanism
Outline
Achieves optimum valve timing according to the driving conditions by the
variable valve timing mechanism changing the phases of the camshaft.
An electric type variable valve timing mechanism on the intake side and a
hydraulic pressure type on the exhaust side has been ad ...
Instrumentation/Driver Info. Personalization Features Setting Procedure
1. Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.
2. After vehicle identification, select the following from the M-MDS initialization
screen.
a. “Module programming“
b. “Programmable Parameters”
3. Select menu in the “IC”.
4. Select an item name, and than select option.
Instrument cluster ...