Purpose, Function
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating movement of the piston to a rotational movement via the connecting rod.
The main bearing forms an oil film on the outer surface of the crankshaft journal to prevent wear due to sliding.
Construction
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is installed to the inside (crankcase) of the cylinder block.

The crankshaft has a key groove to match timing to the crankshaft pulley.
The crankshaft has the following parts shown in the figure.

The optimized shaft diameter ratio of the crankshaft journal and crank pin has reduced sliding resistance while maintaining rigidity.
The steel crankshaft has five bearings and eight counterweights for improved accuracy in the rotational balance.
The crankshaft journal and crank pin have been induction hardened* to bear high loads.
The crankshaft has an oil passage for supplying engine oil to the crankshaft journal and crank pin.

Main bearing
The main bearing is installed to the outer surface of the crankshaft journal.
The upper main bearing and lower main bearing are made of aluminum alloy.
The upper main bearing has an oil groove and oil hole.
Thrust force is suppressed by the thrust bearings on both sides of the No.3 journal.

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
Motor MountsHydraulic Variable Valve Timing Actuator
Purpose, Function
The hydraulic variable valve timing actuator operates according to the hydraulic
pressure and changes the phases of the exhaust camshaft. As a result, the open/close
period of the exhaust valve is changed, optimized valve timing in accordance
with driving conditions ...
Condenser Inspection
1. Inspect the condenser for cracks, damage, and oil leakage.
If there is any malfunction, replace the condenser.
2. Visually inspect for bent fins for clogging of foreign material.
If any fins are clogged, remove the foreign material.
3. Visually inspect for bent fins.
...
Front Combination Light Removal/Installation
WARNING:
Incorrect servicing of the discharge headlights could result in electrical
shock. Before servicing the discharge headlights, always refer to the service
warnings..
NOTE:
Fogging or condensation on the inside of the front combination lights may
occur due to a n ...