Intermittent Concern Troubleshooting
Vibration method
If a malfunction occurs or becomes worse while driving on a rough road or when the engine is vibrating, perform the following steps.
NOTE:
There are several reasons why vehicle or engine vibration could cause an electrical malfunction. Inspect the following:
Connectors not fully seated.
Wiring harnesses not having full play.
Wires laying across brackets or moving parts.
Wires routed too close to hot parts.
An improperly routed, improperly clamped, or loose wiring harness can cause wiring to become pinched between parts.
The connector joints, points of vibration, and places where wiring harness pass through the firewall, body panels and other panels are the major areas to be inspected.
Inspection method for switch and/or sensor connectors or wires
1. Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position (engine off).
NOTE:
If the engine starts and runs, perform the following steps at idle.
3. Access PIDs for the switch you are inspecting.
4. Turn the switch on manually.
5. Slightly shake each connector or wiring harness vertically and horizontally while monitoring the PID.

If the PID value is unstable, inspect for poor connection.
Inspection method for sensors
1. Connect the M-MDS to the DLC-2.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position (engine off).
NOTE:
If the engine starts and runs, perform the following steps at idle.
3. Access PIDs for the switch you are inspecting.
4. Vibrate the sensor slightly with your finger.
If the PID value is unstable or a malfunction occurs, inspect for poor connection and/or poorly mounted sensor.
Connector terminal inspection method
1. Inspect the connection of each female terminal.
2. Insert the male terminal to the female terminal and inspect the female terminal for looseness.

General Procedures (Steering)
Steering AbbreviationsCoupling Component Removal/Installation
WARNING:
When replacing the coupling component, read the special character string
before installing a new coupling component and write it to the AWD control module
after replacement. The special character string is indicated in the two locations
shown in the figure.
1. D ...
PCM Inspection
Without Using the M-MDS
NOTE:
Because the PCM uses a waterproof connector, the inspection for the voltage/wave
pattern cannot be performed. The following values are for reference.
Terminal voltage table (Reference)
Terminal
Signal
C ...
Scheduled Maintenance (U.S.A., Canada, and Puerto Rico)
Follow Schedule 1 if the vehicle is operated mainly where none of the following
conditions apply.
• Repeated short-distance driving
• Driving in dusty conditions
• Driving with extended use of brakes
• Driving in areas where salt or other corrosive
materials are used
• Driving on ...