The ABS control unit continuously monitors the speed of each wheel. If one wheel is about to lock up, the ABS responds by automatically releasing and reapplying that wheel's brake.
The driver will feel a slight vibration in the brake pedal and may hear a chattering noise from the brake system. This is normal ABS system operation. Continue to depress the brake pedal without pumping the brakes.
A system malfunction or operation conditions are indicated by a warning.
Refer to Warning/Indicator Lights on .
WARNING
Do not rely on ABS as a substitute for safe driving:
The ABS cannot compensate for unsafe and reckless driving, excessive speed, tailgating (following another vehicle too closely), driving on ice and snow, and hydroplaning (reduced tire friction and road contact because of water on the road surface). You can still have an accident.
NOTE
•Braking distances may be longer on loose surfaces (snow or gravel, for example) which usually have a hard foundation. A vehicle with a normal braking system may require less distance to stop under these conditions because the tires will build up a wedge of surface layer when the wheels skid.
•The sound of the ABS operating may be heard when starting the engine or immediately after starting the vehicle, however, it does not indicate a malfunction.
ABS/TCS/DSC
Traction Control System (TCS)Constant Monitoring
The following components of the air bag systems are monitored by a diagnostic
system:
• Crash sensors, and diagnostic module (SAS
unit)
• Front air bag sensors
• Air bag modules
• Side crash sensors
• Air bag/Front seat belt pretensioner system
warning light
• Fron ...
Intake Air Temperature (Iat) Sensor Inspection
IAT Sensor No.1
Resistance inspection
NOTE:
Because the IAT sensor No.1 is integrated in the MAF sensor, replacing the
IAT sensor No.1 includes replacement of the MAF sensor/IAT sensor No.1.
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Disconnect the MAF sensor/IAT sensor No.1 ...
Air Cleaner
Purpose, Function
Prevents engine internal damage caused by penetration of dust or foreign
material.
Construction
The air cleaner is installed in front of the battery.
The air cleaner consists of the air cleaner case, air cleaner cover, and
air cleaner element ...