1. Remove the steering gear and linkage..
2. Remove the tie-rod end and boot..
3. Measure the rotation torque of the pinion shaft using a crescent wrench and pull scale. (speed measurement reference 5 В°/s
)

a. Install the crescent wrench to the steering gear.
b. Measure the length from the pinion shaft center to the crescent wrench end (application point of pull scale) as shown in the figure. This is dimension A.

c. The rotation torque of the pinion shaft can be calculated using the following formula Measured value using pull scale (N {kgf, lbf}) = rotation torque of the pinion shaft (NВ·m {kgfВ·cm, inВ·lbf})/length A (m {cm, in})
1.0—1.6 N·m {11—16 kgf·cm, 8.9—14 in·lbf} [Pull scale reading: 1.0—1.6 N·m {11—16 kgf·cm, 8.9—14 in·lbf}/A (m {cm, in})]
If not within the specification, replace the steering gear..
Steering Gear And Linkage Disassembly
Steering Gear And Linkage Removal/InstallationFloor Covering Removal/Installation
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable..
2. Remove the following parts:
a. Front scuff plate.
b. Front side trim.
c. Rear scuff plate.
d. B-pillar lower trim.
e. Rear seat cushion.
f. Front seat.
g. Lower anchor of the front seat belt (without lap pre-tensioner seat belt).
h. La ...
Knock Sensor (Ks)
Purpose/Function
Detects abnormal combustion in the cylinder as basic information for mainly
determining the ignition timing.
Detects abnormal combustion in the combustion chamber and inputs it to the
PCM as a knocking signal.
Construction
Installed on the cylinder ...
Oil Pan Removal/Installation
WARNING:
Hot engines and engine oil can cause severe burns. Turn off the engine and
wait until it and the engine oil have cooled.
A vehicle that is lifted but not securely supported on safety stands is dangerous.
It can slip or fall, causing death or serious injury. Never work ...