Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmSteering Gear And Linkage Inspection
1. Remove the steering gear and linkage..
2. Remove the tie-rod end and boot..
3. Measure the rotation torque of the pinion shaft using a crescent wrench and
pull scale. (speed measurement reference 5 В°/s)
a. Install the crescent wrench to the steering gear.
b. Measure the length fr ...
Front Pillar Installation [Panel Replacement]
Symbol Mark
Installation Procedure
1. When installing new parts, measure and adjust the body as necessary to conform
with standard dimensions.
2. Drill holes for the plug welding before installing the new parts.
3. After temporarily installing new parts, make sure the related parts fit p ...
Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2 S) Heater Control [Skyactiv G 2.0]
Outline
Based on the control of the HO2S heater, a stabilized oxygen concentration
is detected even at low exhaust temperatures, and feedback control of fuel injection
even at cold engine start is made possible for improved cold temperature exhaust
emission performance.
Both ...