Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmAwd Solenoid Inspection
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
2. Disconnect the AWD solenoid connector.
3. Measure resistance between AWD solenoid connector terminals A and B.
If the resistance is not within the specification, replace the coupling unit.
AWD solenoid resistance
2.2—2.7 oh ...
Front Drive Shaft
Purpose, Function
A bell joint has been adopted for the wheel-side constant velocity joint,
reducing vibration and noise.
A tripod joint have been adopted for the differential side constant velocity
joint to reduce booming noise during high-speed driving and vibration when idlin ...
Auto Wiper System
Outline
The auto wiper system detects the amount of rainfall on the windshield and
automatically operates the windshield wipers intermittently or at low/high speed
and stops. Using the sensitivity adjustment function of the rain sensor, the
operation speed and the intermittent period ...