Purpose, Function
Valve
The intake valve is pressed down by the cam, the intake air passage is opened, and air is introduced into the cylinder.
The exhaust valve is pressed down by the cam, the exhaust air passage is opened, and combustion gas is exhausted from the cylinder.
Valve spring
The valve spring adheres to the valve seat by pulling up the valve by spring force, and air tightness in the combustion chamber is maintained.
Valve seal
The valve seal prevents engine oil from entering combustion chamber through the valve guide, and engine oil consumption is suppressed.
Valve guide
The valve guide maintains the valve stem to open and close the valve smoothly.
The valve guide cools the valve by transmitting valve heat to the cylinder head.
Construction
The valve, valve spring, valve seal, and valve guide are assembled to the cylinder head as a single unit.

The sliding resistance has been reduced by setting the valve spring load to the required minimum.
The intake valve and exhaust valve are subjected to a salt-bath, soft-nitriding treatment to enhance wear resistance.
Unequal pitch valve spring has been adopted. In addition, the upper diameter is smaller compared to the bottom diameter.
The valve guide is made of sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance.
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster, Rocker ArmDynamic Stability Control (DSC)
Outline
Electrical brake assist control has been adopted, improving safety.
The DSC HU/CM, integrating both the hydraulic unit (HU) and control module
(CM), has been adopted, resulting in a size and weight reduction.
An enhanced malfunction diagnosis system, used with the M ...
Repairable Range Of Polypropylene Bumpers [Plastic Body Parts]
The three types of damaged bumpers shown below are considered repairable. Although
a bumper which has been damaged greater than this could also be repaired, it should
be replaced with a new one because such repair would detract from the looks and
quality of the bumper. In addition, such repair ...
Clutch Master Cylinder Removal/Installation [C66 M R]
CAUTION:
Secure the steering wheel using tape or a cable to prevent the steering shaft
from rotating after disconnecting the steering shaft. If the steering wheel
rotates after the steering shaft and the steering gear and linkage are disconnected,
the internal parts of the clock spr ...